And richard berniiard



, tion of steam or vapor gases is The length of the pipes,

UNITED STATES OFFICE.

CUTHBERT B. LOWRY, OF LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY, AND RICHARD BERNHARD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MEANS FOR WITHDRAW I NG AND GONDENBING VAPORB.

specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 27, 1908.

Application filed Kay a, 19cc. Serial No. 816,023.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knovm that we, Curnnnn'r B. Lower, of Lexington, in the county of Fayette, State of Kentucky, and RICHARD BERNHARD, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Withdrawing and Condensin Vapors; and we do hereby declare the to owing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The primary object of this invention ls to provide a condenser wherein the condensagl-raduall or progressively accomplished 'an the neat given oil by the gases is utilized to increase the velocity of the cooling water and thereby prevent the escape of the non-condensable globules of gas, the combined volume of which is greatly reduced.

As is well known in theart, the production of a vacuum within a wood' imgregnating apparatus requires the withdraw of the vapors of creosoting oils, or like compounds, and heretofore this has necessitated the use of a pump in connection with a condenser, regard ass of whether or not the vapors themselves were to be condensed.

Our present invention is particularly applicable to this class of work.

The invention will be hereinafter fully set forth and particularly pointed out in the claim.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is an elevation showing the application of our improvement to a wood impregnating a paratus, the latter being conventlonally indi cated. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sec tion of the condenser.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a wood impregnating apparatus, WlllOh may be of any suitable form of construction, from the dome 2 of which leads a valved pipe 3 throu h which the gases or vapors are designer to pass. This pipe is extended upwardlv some distance, and through a horizonta connection 0 ens into the u per end of a condenser 4. e lower or out at end of this cnndenscr is connected by a pipe or tube 5 to a well 6 located at a point considerably below the wood imprcg'natilu, apparatus.

or the point at which 1 unit.

the condenser itself must be located, is dependent upon the height of the column of water in pipe 5, as the weight of this column of water must balance the atmosphere, because plipe 5 acts as a barometric tube, there by wit drawing the ases or vapors from the apparatus into and gownwardly throu h the condenser. In order to enable the con cursorto perform this operation, and to successfully remove the air rapidly, it is necessary that the action of the condensing water on the vapors and gases be cumulative as well as multiple. The intermingling of the water with the gases is so efficiently accomplished in this condenser, the action being repeated 9. number of times, that the non-condensable gases are divided into minute globules and are thoroughly disseminated in the condensing water. The current of water is so rapid that these air cells have no opportunity to combine and form large bubbles, and thus escape upwardly in the condenser. It is this multiple and cumulative function of the condensing water that renders the apparatus so eflicient, enabling gases to be readily and effectively removed from closed vessels.

Located centrally within the shell of the condenser is a vertically disposed pipe 7 which opens into the casing through the bottom casting thereof. The water for effecting condensation is supplied through this pipe. On its upper open end is fitted a cone-like cap 8 which forms a deflector, and immediately beneath this cap the pipe is formed with a series of perforations 9. Beneath the crforations 9 is a collecting funnel 10 whic 1 at its upper, outer edge is secured to the shell of the condenser, the bottom of such funnel being inclined toward the water pipe. Im-

medlately beneath the lower contracted opening of the collecting funnel is a deflector 12, in the form of an inverted funnel secured at its upper inner end directly to the ipc, and then beneath this dcflectm fulme is a second series of openings 13. This construet-ion is maintained throughout the length of the condenser, that is, beneath each deflector is a series of water outlet opcl'iings, and beneath the latter is a collecting funnel for concentrating the discharge of the water and vapors onto the next lower distributing funnel. Each set of distril'mting and collecting funnels and series of spray holcs constitute a As many of tl'lcso units may be used in a condenser as are required to thoroughly condense or liquefy the vapors and to dissolve the non'condensable gases.

The operation of the condenser is as follows :-The water supplied to the vertical pipe 7 will be ejected in sprays through the several series of outlets. The vapor to be liquefied or condensed enters the condenser through the top head, and encounters the first spray of cooling water directly below the top deflector 8. Some of the vapor is immediately condensed, but that w lch escapes contact with the water is forced downward and must ass throu h this water which now flows in a t in sheet f i'om the upper collecting funnel to the inverted deflecting funnel below. This is continued throughout the length of the condenser, the action of which is not only multiple but cumulative, since the thickness of the sheet of water runni down the several funnels increases with eac unit. The condensed vapors and the cooli water will accumulate at the bottom of t e condenser, and. within the outlet pipe 5. The weight of this column of water is e cal to atmospheric pressure. The action t iereof effects the withdrawal of the ases from the impregnating apparatus or ct ier closed vessel, without requn'ing the use of a pump, the standing column of Water acting as a barometric tube. The nornial height of the column of water is indicated in Fig. 1.

It is to be noted that the gases are not condensed instantaneously, but the operation is gradual or progressive, not being completed until they reach the last or lowermost spraying and intsrminq'ling unit. As the water passes it ward through the supplypipe it IS gradua 1y heated by the ases, with the result that the work accomplis ed by the upper or topmost unit can in no instance be complete, and each successive unit has its onm work to perform. By reason of this gradual accomplishment of the work, a much higher velocity is obtained for the cool ing water, and the size of the non-condensable globules of gas is radually reduced, further reduction being e ected by each unit, and on account of the increasing velocity and volume of water these globules have no opportunity to escape upwardly, and as they reach the last or lowermost unit their combined volume is greatly reduced by tho gradual cooling to which they have been subjected, the water at the last or lowcrn'iost unit being cooler than that at any of the points above.

The advantages of our invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. By em- 1) oyiug a number of separate units the ciliciency of the condenser is an mcnted to such a degree as to enable the con ing water to divide non-condensablc gases, such as air, into minute globules and remove them from the chamber by means of the rapid current. This is due to the thorough and repeated intermingling of the gases and cooling wet or in passing through each unit.

We claim as our invention:

A vacuum producing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet for the cases at its 11 per end, a vertically-disposed Water pipe ocated within said casing and having separate series of outlets, a series of collecting funnels extending inwardly from the casing toward the water pipe, and a series of deflectors extending from the pipe outwardly toward the casing, the funnels being located eachbeneath a series ofoutlets, and the deflecto rs located each beneath the lower open end of a funnel, water being supplied to said pipe at its lower end, so that the temperature of the water will effect a gradual decrease in the temperature of the gases as the latter travel downwardly, the gases i u passing downwardly being intermingled with the water and subjected to the successive action of sprays of water of gradually reduced tem pcrature.

, In testimony whereof, we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribmg witnesses.

( UTHBERT B. LOW RY. RICHARD BERNHARD.

Witnesses to the signature of Cutl'ihert B. Lowry:

STANLEY H. FIELDS, ROBERT H. Moons.

Witnesses to the signature of Richard Bernhard LUDWIG KAUFMANN, FRED G. BEoKEn. 

